Tidal gravity in Britain: tidal loading and the spatial distribution of the marine tide

Abstract

Summary. Tidal gravity measurements have been made at six sites in Britain with two nulled LaCoste and Romberg Earth tide gravitymeters. The M2 observations from these and two further sites are compared with calculations of the tidal loading from the seas around the British Isles and the major oceans. Models of the M2 marine tides are convolved with Green's functions for appropriate radially stratified Earth models. The differences between the M2 observations and the theoretical calculations are less than 0.6 μ gals and it is shown that these differences contain further information concerning the errors in the marine tide models. The M2 marine tides on the north-west European continental shelf are reasonably well known and this allows a useful test of the feasibility of using tidal gravity measurements for the inverse ocean tide problem in areas where the ocean tides are less well known. The differential gravity loading signal between pairs of gravity stations is shown to be important for considerations of the uniqueness and accuracy of the inverse problem. M2 tidal gravity loading maps for the British Isles and Europe have been produced which are of use in making corrections to various geodetic measurements.