Abstract
MAX phases, and particularly Ti3SiC2, are interesting for high temperature applications. The addition of carbon fibers can be used to reduce the density and to modify the properties of the matrix. This work presents the densification and characterization of Ti3SiC2 based composites with short carbon fibers using a fast and simple fabrication approach: dry mixing and densification by Spark Plasma Sintering. Good densification level was obtained below 1400 °C even with a high amount of fibers. The reaction of the fibers with the matrix is limited thanks to the fast processing time and depends on the amount of fibers in the composite. Bending strength at room temperature, between 437 and 120 MPa, is in the range of conventional CMCs with short fibers and according to the resistance of the matrix and the presence of residual porosity. Thermo-mechanical properties of the composites up to 1500 °C are also presented.
Highlights
MAX phases are layered carbides or nitrides with crystal structure of hexagonal symmetry
Density values close to the 99% of the theoretical value were achieved for composites containing up to 20 vol% of fibers, for the highest amount, 40 vol%, 7–8 vol% residual porosity remained trapped in the matrix
It is believed that the higher residual porosity of the composites with high content of fibers is linked to these agglomerations of fibers
Summary
MAX phases are layered carbides or nitrides with crystal structure of hexagonal symmetry. These materials combine ceramic and metallic characteristics, including high electrical and thermal conductivities, machinability, damage tolerance and good thermal shock resistance [1,2,3,4]. Its biocompatibility in combination with the previously mentioned mechanical properties makes Ti3SiC2 a promising candidate for bioceramic composites [6]. Different composites have been developed to improve the mechanical properties of Ti3SiC2, using different reinforcements like SiC, TiC and SiC whiskers [9,10,11]. The amount of reinforcement is and the improvements are still limited
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