Abstract
Ti:LiNbO<TEX>$_3$</TEX> 세 도파로형 광도파로와 CPW 진행파 전극으로 구성된 고속 외부 광변조기를 설계, 제작하였다. 결합모드 이론을 이용하여 세 도파로 광결합기의 스위칭 현상을 해석하였으며, 유한차분법을 이용하여 결합길이를 계산하였다. SOR에 의해 위상속도 및 특성 임피던스 정합 조건이 만족되도록 CPW 진행파 전극의 파라미터를 설계하였다. 제작된 소자의 dc 스위칭 및 전극의 RF 특성을 측정하였다. 제작된 세 도파로 광변조기의 삽입손실과 스위칭 전압은 약 4 dB와 15.6 V였다. RF 특성을 얻기 위하여 회로분석기(Network Analyzer)를 이용하여 진행파 전극의 S 파라미터를 측정하였다. 측정 결과 진행파 전극의 특성임피던스 Z<TEX>$_{c}$</TEX>=39.2<TEX>$\Omega$</TEX>, M/W(Microwave) 유효굴절률 N<TEX>$_{eff}$</TEX>=2.48, 그리고 감쇠상수 a<TEX>$_{m}$</TEX> =0.0665/(equation omitted)등의 파라미터를 추출하였다. 추출된 진행파 전극 파라미터를 이용하여 이론적인 주파수 응답 R(<TEX>$\omega$</TEX>)을 계산하였으며, 광 검출기로 측정된 주파수 응답 R(<TEX>$\omega$</TEX>)과 비교하였다. 주파수 응답측정 결과, 3 dB 변조대역폭은 13 GHz로 측정되었다. Switching phenomenon of a three-waveguide optical coupler was analyzed by using the coupled mode theory, and the coupling-length of the device was calculated by means of the FDM. CPW traveling-wave electrodes were designed by the CMM and SOR simulation techniques so as to satisfy the conditions of phase-velocity and impedance matching. Traveling-wave modulators were fabricated on a z-cut LiNbO<TEX>$_3$</TEX> substrate. Ti was in-diffused in LiNbO<TEX>$_3$</TEX> to make waveguides and Au electrodes were built on the waveguides by the electroplating technique. Insertion loss and switching voltage of the optical modulator were about 4 ㏈ and 15.6V. Network analyzer was used to obtain S parameters and corresponding RF response. From the measurement, parameters of the traveling-wave electrodes were extracted as such Z<TEX>$_{c}$</TEX>=39.2 <TEX>$\Omega$</TEX>, Neff=2.48, and a0=0.0665/cm((GHz) (1/2)). The measured optical response R(w) was compared with the theoretically estimated and both responses were shown to agree well. The measurement results revealed that the ㏈ bandwidth turned out to be about 13 GHz.
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