Abstract
We report on the analysis of the three-dimensional (3-D) image formation in a confocal microscope in terms of the concept of the 3-D coherent transfer function (CTF). The effects of the annular pupil function and spherical aberration on the 3-D CTF are investigated. The 3-D CTF for a new fibre-optical confocal system consisting of optical fibres for illumination and collection is described. We also discuss the significance of the 3-D CTF and, in particular, the relationship between the 3-D CTF and 2-D and 1-D imaging.
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