Three spectrophotometric approaches for measuring ratio spectra of Ivabradine and Carvedilol in a binary mixture using green analytical principles

Abstract

The development of three simple, precise, efficient, and accurate spectrophotometric techniques that manipulate ratio spectra is undertaken to measure Ivabradine and Carvedilol simultaneously in bulk and tablet formulation. Applying mathematical calculations like the ratio derivative, first-order ratio derivative and ratio derivative subtraction method has been used for determination of CVD and IBD. For Carvedilol, the calibration curve is linear between concentrations of 40–65 µg/mL and 50–81.25 µg/mL for Ivabradine. These strategies have been put into practice and used for analyzing marketed pharmaceutical formulations. Further, the outliers were statistically assessed by using Grubb’s test and found, as null hypothesis cannot be rejected. The suggested approach was evaluated using four green evaluation approaches with which these tools found an excellent green outcome. Altogether, the proposed method was found to be a simple, sensitive, accurate and eco-friendly method for the analysis of drugs that have overlapping properties in the UV spectrum.