Three‐phase borate solid solution with low sintering temperature, high‐quality factor, and low dielectric constant

Abstract

AbstractThe sintering and microwave dielectric properties of a ceramic material based on the mixing of Mg3B2O6 and Zn3B2O6 have been widely studied using first‐principles calculations and experimental solid‐state reactions. Characterization methods include the Network Analyzer, X‐ray, Raman diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive spectroscopy, and differential‐thermal and thermo‐mechanical analyzer. The increasing amount of Mg2+ results in the appearance of Mg2B2O5 and ZnO, and the mutual substitution (Mg2+ and Zn2+) phenomenon has emerged in Zn3B2O6 and Mg2B2O5. The mechanisms have been explained with the help of DFT calculations. The bond parameters and electron distributions of the ZnO4 tetrahedron and MgO6 octahedron have been modified due to substitution. The sintering, substitution, and phase formation properties have been analyzed quantitatively through the energy parameters. The best dielectric properties were obtained for x = 0.20 sintered at 950°C, εr = 6.47, Q × f = 89 600 GHz (15.2 GHz), τf = −48.6 ppm/°C, relative density = 96.7%. The mixing of Zn3B2O6 and Mg3B2O6 ceramics is a feasible method to obtain a ceramic with low sintering temperature and excellent dielectric properties.