Abstract
Three new highly oxygenated azaphilones, penicilphilones A–C (1–3), along with four known analogues (4–7) were isolated from the culture of Penicillium sp. LZUC-S1. Their structures were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic data interpretation, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculation, and DP4+ analysis. 1 belongs to a rare class of azaphilone possessing an acetonyl at C-8. 2, 5, and 6 are uncommon azaphilones holding a chain with four carbons at C-8. Compounds 1, 3, and 4 showed potent activities against the selected phytopathogenic fungi with inhibitory rates ranging from 49.8 to 78.6 % at 50 μg/mL. In addition, a putative biogenetic pathway for compounds 1, 2, 5, and 6 was proposed.
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