Abstract
Radix Codonopsis, derived from the roots of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf., Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf. Var. modesta (Nannf.) L.T. Shen and Codonopsis tangshen Oliv., has been used as traditional Chinese medicine for improving poor gastrointestinal function, treating gastric ulcers and chronic gastritis in China. Inulin-type fructans are carbohydrates consisting mainly of β (2→1) fructosyl-fructose links in chemical structure and exhibit a range of properties such as prebiotic activity, fat substitutes in low-calorie foods and disease-modifying effects. The prebiotic effects of inulin-type fructans are hypothesized to improve gastrointestinal function through alterations to gut microbiota composition and metabolism. In the present study, three inulin-type fructans with high degree of polymerization (DP = 16, 22, and 31) were isolated from the roots of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf. and their structures were confirmed by MALDI-TOF-MS, 1D- and 2D-NMR. The prebiotic activity of these fructans was evaluated by detecting growth stimulation on Bifidobacterium longum. The results demonstrated that three fructans at a concentration of 2.0 g/L exhibited significant growth stimulation on Bifidobacterium longum in a time-dependent manner (p < 0.01). The data indicated that inulin-type fructans in Radix Codonopsis could be used as potential prebiotics.
Highlights
Radix Codonopsis, derived from the roots of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf., Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf
(2) and 17.040 min (3), respectively, which indicated that fructan 1, 2 and 3 were homogeneous oligosaccharides According to the equation of standard molecular weight, 2018, weights
The only difference was that the integration ratio of H signal at about 5.3 ppm (Glu-1H) to H signal at about 4.1 ppm (Fru-H3) or 4.0 ppm (Fru-H4), which was used to calculate the degree of polymerization (DP) of inulin-type fructans
Summary
Radix Codonopsis, derived from the roots of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf., Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf. Several polysaccharides have been obtained from Radix Codonopsis, some of which exhibit potential bioactivities [3,4,5,6,7,8]. Some inulin-type fructans have been evaluated to exhibit diverse functions such as regulation of blood sugar and lipid, gastrointestinal health, anticancer and regulation of human gut microbiota [11,12]. Inulin-type fructans have been reported to have a wide range of pharmaceutical applications such as stabilization of proteins, modified drug delivery and disease-modifying effects [13,14]. We reported an inulin-type fructan from Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf. Fu and his colleagues reported a mixture of inulin-type fructans (DP = 2–17) from Codonopsis pilosula Nannf. The present research reports three inulin-type fructans isolated from the dried roots of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf. The present research reports three inulin-type fructans isolated from the dried roots of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf. and their prebiotic activity by detecting growth stimulation on Bifidobacterium longum
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