Abstract
This paper aimed to study the clinical characteristics of patients with pulmonary embolism (PE) with syncope (PE + S) based on the three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction algorithm in computed tomography (CT) pulmonary angiography (CTPA). In this study, 857 patients with acute PE (APE) who were treated in hospital were selected as the research objects and divided into syncope group (group S) and nonsyncope group (group NS). The 3D reconstruction marching cubes (3DR-MC) algorithm was compared with the traditional MC (T-MC) algorithm and the mesh simplification MC (MMS-MC) algorithm, and the results proved that the running time of the 3DR-MC algorithm on the platform was shorter than that of the other two algorithms. The incidence of syncope in group S in women was higher than that in group NS (51.7% vs. 38.2%). The incidence of syncope classified as high risk in group S was higher than that in group NS, and the mortality rate of pulmonary embolism patients with syncope was higher, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 113.332, P < 0.05 ). The incidence of syncope in group S was higher than that in group NS (χ2 = 4.074, P < 0.05 ). In short, hypertension was an independent risk factor for syncope. PE + S patients could be diagnosed and treated as early as possible based on the clinical characteristics, so as to reduce the adverse consequences of misdiagnosis.
Highlights
acute pulmonary embolism (PE) (APE) refers to a pathological syndrome in which endogenous or exogenous emboli block the main trunk or branches of the pulmonary artery, leading to pulmonary circulatory disorders
General Information. 857 patients who were medically diagnosed as APE patients in the hospital from January 2015 to January 2017 were selected as the research objects in this study, including 522 males and 335 females. ey were divided into group S (58 cases, 65.1 ± 14.8 years old) and group normal saline (NS) (799 cases, 61.6 ± 15.8 years old) according to whether they were accompanied by syncope. e study had been approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Hospital, and the patients and their families had understood the study and signed the informed consents
Comparison on Reconstruction Effects of ree Algorithms. e 3D reconstruction marching cubes (3DR-MC) algorithm constructed in this study was compared with the traditional MC (T-MC) algorithm and the MS-MC algorithm in reconstructing pulmonary lobe, and the results are illustrated in Figure 2. e running time of the proposed algorithm was shorter than that of the T-MC and MS-MC algorithms with obvious difference (P < 0.05). e results showed that the proposed algorithm was adjusted on the basis of the traditional algorithm, which could reduce the reconstruction time under the premise of ensuring the reconstruction effect, thereby effectively satisfying the needs of medical research
Summary
APE refers to a pathological syndrome in which endogenous or exogenous emboli block the main trunk or branches of the pulmonary artery, leading to pulmonary circulatory disorders. Its mortality rate is the second only to tumors and myocardial infarction [1]. There are many factors that cause syncope in patients, and the heart and cerebrovascular diseases are considered firstly. Syncope caused by PE is often ignored, which increases the false negative rate (FNR) and false positive rate (FPR). Previous studies have shown that syncope is one of the common symptoms of PE and 17.3% of PE patients taking syncope as the first symptom [2]. Erefore, PE + S deserves the clinical attention to analyze the clinical characteristics of its patients, thereby reducing the FNR and FPR Sivilotti et al [3] pointed out that the incidence of PE + S was about 22%. erefore, PE + S deserves the clinical attention to analyze the clinical characteristics of its patients, thereby reducing the FNR and FPR
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