Abstract
A three–dimensional numerical model of a convective cloud developed by the authors, taking into account thermodynamic, microphysical and electrical processes, is presented. The model is characterized by the use of detailed microphysics with a large number of particle size gradations. There are taken into account: the accumulation of charges in the cloud, the electric field, the electric coagulation of cloud particles. The technique of formation of three–dimensional initial data at initialization of model is developed. On the basis of the developed model with a detailed description of the processes for the first time is studied the formation of macro– and micro structural and electrical parameters. The dynamics of changes in the characteristics of thunderstorm clouds at the stage of growth and maximum development are determined. Electrical characteristics of thunderstorm clouds at different times and their relationship with micro structural parameters are investigated. The spatial structure of voluminous electric charges in a cloud, three–dimensional distribution of electric field intensity are determined. A quantitative assessment of the effect of electric coagulation on the rate of precipitation in powerful clouds is obtained.
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