Abstract
Lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion disease refers to the degeneration of intervertebral disc, rupture of fibrous ring, nucleus pulpous protrusion and stimulation or compression of nerve root. The import command in Mimics medical 3D reconstruction software was used to erase the irrelevant image data and obtain vertebral body images. The original 3D model of each vertebral body was built by 3D computing function. A three-dimensional finite element model was established to analyze the effect of different surgical methods on the mechanical distribution of the spine after disentomb. The stress distribution of the spine, intervertebral disc, and left and right articular cartilage at L4/L5 stage and the position shift of the fourth lumbar vertebra were analyzed under 7 working conditions of vertical, forward flexion, extension, left and right flexion, and left and right rotation. The results showed that the established model was effective, and the smaller the area of posterior laminar decompression was, the lesser the impact on spinal stability was. The PELD treatment of lumbar disc herniation had little impact on spinal biomechanics and could achieve good long-term biomechanical stability. Combining the clinical experiment method and finite element simulation, using the advantages of finite element software to optimize the design function can provide guidance for the design and improvement of medical devices and has important significance for the study of clinical mechanical properties and biomechanics.
Highlights
Lumbar disc herniation refers to the partial or total rupture of the lumbar disc annulus fibrosis caused by various reasons, in which the nucleus pulpous protrudes backward from the rupture and presents stimulation or compression of nerve roots and caudal equine, which is common among people aged 40–60 years [1]. e aetiology of lumbar disc herniation and its relationship to low back pain and sciatica are not fully understood, but are likely to involve a complex combination of mechanical and biological processes
In quite a number of patients, conservative treatment with physical therapy can relieve pain, and since the disc receives the least pressure during bed rest, it is recommended to rest for up to 1 week and gradually return to normal activity [5]
In order to avoid irreversible changes in the nerve root structure caused by chronic compression, conservative treatment is ineffective and the diagnosis and surgical indications are clear
Summary
Lumbar disc herniation refers to the partial or total rupture of the lumbar disc annulus fibrosis caused by various reasons, in which the nucleus pulpous protrudes backward from the rupture and presents stimulation or compression of nerve roots and caudal equine, which is common among people aged 40–60 years [1]. e aetiology of lumbar disc herniation and its relationship to low back pain and sciatica are not fully understood, but are likely to involve a complex combination of mechanical and biological processes. E finite element analysis model considers the geometry of the research object and strictly considers the material properties and load conditions. When Shu et al analyzed bones with complex shapes, loads, and boundary conditions, the finite element method was a very useful tool. Using finite element analysis and 3D printing reconstruction technology, Ayali and Bilginaylar obtained the 3D model of normal lumbar vertebra, including vertebra, intervertebral disc, and ligament and analyzed the internal stress changes of the spine under compression, extension, and axial rotation load. A 3D finite element model was established with the 3D computing function to analyze the effects of different surgical procedures on the mechanical distribution of the spine after discectomy.
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