This sweet word “freedom” (On the formulation of the problem of freedom in the Italian political thought of the twentieth century)

Abstract

People from century to century tried to determine the degree of its independence from external circumstances. And every time he found himself in front of a fact that changed the world raises the question of freedom in new ways. All the historically important battles of the twentieth century can be reduced to a confrontation over what it means to be free. The rationalistic understanding of human life that prevailed in the previous few centuries gave rise to the illusion that the world can be well organized if its structure is properly explained. Practice has shown that not everything is so simple and a rationalistic approach that suggests considering freedom as a known necessity does not allow us to liberate and make humanity happy. The statistical laws prevailing in society give rise to so many manifestations of necessity that it sometimes occurs to us that there is nothing in social life but chance. The collapse of the Soviet Union, and the usual gap relationships and the imbalance of social and political forces have forced the Europeans to search for ways to preserve their own cultural identity. Violation of ideological balance as a result of the falling interest of people towards communism creates a situation in which only the religious consciousness can become a pillar of modern embarrassed man. However, in this circumstance, there is another side: the flight into the illusory world of thoughts, in the area of supposed freedom. Today in the beginning of the third Millennium, we have to admit that so far from the final solution to the problem of freedom as thinkers of the past centuries.