Abstract
We compare recent lattice studies of QCD thermodynamics at non-zero quark chemical potential with the thermodynamics of a hadron resonance gas. We argue that for T⩽Tc the equation of state derived from Monte Carlo simulations of two flavour QCD at non-zero chemical potential can be well described by a hadron resonance gas when using the same set of approximations as used in current lattice calculations. We estimate the importance of truncation errors arising from the use of a Taylor expansion in terms of the quark chemical potential and examine the influence of unphysically large quark masses on the equation of state and the critical conditions for deconfinement.
Highlights
While the thermodynamics of strongly interacting matter at vanishing baryon number density or chemical potential has been studied [1] in lattice calculations for quite some time, the first investigations of the equation of state at non-vanishing quark chemical potential have started only recently [2, 3, 4]
In a recent paper we have shown [6] that the partition function of a hadron resonance gas yields quite a satisfactory description of lattice results on bulk thermodynamic observables in the low temperature, hadronic phase of QCD at μq = 0
We have shown that basic features of the density dependence of the QCD equation of state in the hadronic phase observed in recent lattice studies can be understood in terms of the thermodynamics of a baryonic resonance gas
Summary
While the thermodynamics of strongly interacting matter at vanishing baryon number density or chemical potential has been studied [1] in lattice calculations for quite some time, the first investigations of the equation of state at non-vanishing quark chemical potential (μq) have started only recently [2, 3, 4] These studies of bulk thermodynamics have been performed with different lattice actions and have used different methods (exact matrix inversion [2] or Taylor expansion [3, 4]) to extend previous calculations performed at μq = 0 into the region of μq > 0. We will extend here our previous study to finite chemical potential and compare the predictions of the resonance gas model calculations with lattice results obtained in 2-flavour QCD using a Taylor expansion for small μq/T [4]. We examine the importance of truncation effects in the Taylor expansion and discuss the influence of unphysically large quark mass values on thermodynamic observables and the critical conditions for deconfinement
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