Abstract
The thermodynamic modeling and optimization of the Gd-Sb and Gd-Bi-Sb systems were critically carried out by means of the CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagram) technique. The solution phases, liquid, bcc, rhomb and hcp(Gd) were described by the substitutional solution model. The compounds, β-Gd5(Bi, Sb)3, γ-Gd4(Bi, Sb)4, δ-Gd(Bi, Sb), δ′-Gd(Bi, Sb), e-Gd16Sb39 and GdBi2 were treated as the formulae (Gd)m/m+n(Gd, Bi, Sb)n/m+n using two sublattice model in the Gd-Bi-Sb system. A self-consistent thermodynamic description of the Gd-Sb and Gd-Bi-Sb system were developed. The isothermal section at 300 K for the Gd-Bi-Sb system in the literature were reproduced in the present work.
Highlights
The advanced magnetic materials and its potential as an energy savings technology greatly stimulated the interest of researchers and promoted the rapid development of magnetic refrigeration
Magnetic refrigeration could be realized by utilizing the heat release or absorption caused by the magnetic entropy change DSM of a magnetic material due to a magnetic field change DH [1]
In order to better understand the interactions of Gd and Sb with Bi and design high performance thermoelectric materials, it was important to study the thermochemical properties and the phase equilibria concerning the Gd-Bi-Sb system and to obtain the thermodynamic parameters of the system
Summary
The advanced magnetic materials and its potential as an energy savings technology greatly stimulated the interest of researchers and promoted the rapid development of magnetic refrigeration. The recent discovery of the giant magnetocaloric effect in Gd5(Si2Ge2) [1], gave further impulse towards the development of new materials [2]. Gd4Sb3 was one of the candidates for magnetic refrigerant near room temperature (266 K). The calculation of phase diagrams (CALPHAD) method, which was a powerful approach to save cost and short time during development of materials, effectively provided a clear guideline for material design. In order to better understand the interactions of Gd and Sb with Bi and design high performance thermoelectric materials, it was important to study the thermochemical properties and the phase equilibria concerning the Gd-Bi-Sb system and to obtain the thermodynamic parameters of the system
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