Thermodynamic Characteristic of Gases in the Hydrate

Abstract

Hydrates are solid crystals with ice-like forms composed of gas and water molecules at high pressures and low temperatures. The gas hydrates are also classified as chemical compounds because the hydrate gas is composed of a fixed composition at certain pressures and temperatures depends on the type of gas. The hydrates can be formed due to the attraction of among molecules, so that the water molecules form hydrogen bonds which eventually become frames with cavities. In the cavity among molecules, there are gas molecules that are trapped with various shapes and sizes. It is also depend on the type of gas. Starting from an accidental discovery in the gas distribution industry, some impediments occurs due to the hydrate formation, now researchers have revolutionized the usefulness of the hydrate. One of them as a gas storage substance. In the study, the authors examined the characteristics of different gases filling the water molecules in the hydrate includes their formation rate, stability and storage capacity. The type of gases used are a mixture of propane butane, butane and methane at the same formation pressure and temperature. The initial pressure given for gas formation is 0.2 MPa, the formation temperature is 273 K, and the stability temperature is 268 K. The results show that the fastest formation rate was shown by butane gas, however, methane formation rate presented the slowest one. It was due to the fact that it turns out, only a little of the water molecules-methane mixture could form the gas hydrate due the pressure formation of 0.2 MPa did not meet the occurrence of the clathrate hydrate. However, the strirrer could increase the agitation of water molecules and methane gas. The best stability was also shown by butane, while methane showed an unsatisfactory result.