Abstract

The basic principles of the description and processing of thermal analysis (TA) curves are examined. A rational approach is used to investigate the limits of the validity of phenomenological thermodynamics under non-isothermal conditions. The necessary thermodynamic relations and response functions are derived for thermophysical measurements of thermal and non-thermal (dielectric, magnetic and mechanic) property. Sixteen basic thermal coefficients are listed. Simple phase transformations are analyzed (including generalized Clausius-Clapeyron and Ehrnfest equations for the first- and second-order processes) and their theoretical courses are related to the experimental TA curves. Variant and invariant process are distinguished with regard to the thermal development of their equilibrium background. Actual conditions of dissociation processes are also discussed.

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