Abstract
Thermodynamic uncertainty relation (UR) was verified experimentally. The experiments have shown the validity of the quantum analogue of the zeroth law of stochastic thermodynamics in the form of the saturated Schrödinger UR. We have also proposed a new type of UR for the relativistic mechanics. These relations allow us to consider macroscopic phenomena within the limits of the ratio of the uncertainty relations for different physical quantities.
Highlights
Two fundamental theories formed at the beginning of the 20th century: the quantum mechanics and the theory of relativity
In the most cases we prove the accuracy of thermodynamic uncertainty relation
We expect that experimentally confirmed thermodynamic uncertainty using one macroscopic object, semiconductor device, will hold true for other macroscopic objects as well
Summary
Two fundamental theories formed at the beginning of the 20th century: the quantum mechanics and the theory of relativity. First advances of quantum theory are related to the works of Max Planck. In this formula Planck introduces two constants which will be later called as Planck’s constant h and Boltzmann constant kB. The meaning of Planck’s constant is the most highlighted in the Heisenberg uncertainty principle which is generalized later in the works of Robertson and Schrodinger [2].
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