Thermo-mechanical and morphological studies of Hal-reinforced PEEK

Abstract

This study is focused on exploring the thermo-mechanical properties and behaviour of PEEK-Hal nanocomposites as a case study for understanding the interactions between nanoparticles and polymers, as well as to explore potential applications of nanocomposites in the field of engineering. The selection of Poly (ether ether ketone) (PEEK) polymer is based on its notable chemical resistance, exceptional mechanical properties and high thermo-oxidative stability. Halloysite nanotubes (Hal) are chosen for their environmentally friendly nature, non-toxic properties, cost-effectiveness, tuneable release and rapid adsorption rates. This research paper focuses on the fabrication of PEEK-Hal polymer composites with varying concentrations using a co-rotating twin screw extruder. The prepared composites are thoroughly characterized using various analytical techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The mechanical properties are assessed using a universal testing machine (UTM), impact tester, and hardness tester, respectively. The surface morphology is examined using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) technique. The results highlight the substantial benefits of incorporating Hal, improving interfacial adhesion, and establishing favourable interactions between the PEEK and Hal. The incorporation of Hal notably enhances the stiffness and storage modulus of the PEEK-Hal composites. Additionally, the presence of Hal restrains the mobility of the macromolecular chains within the composite. This study demonstrates that the PEEK-Hal composite with a 3% concentration of Hal (PH3) exhibits remarkable thermo-mechanical properties.