Abstract
Abstract Liquid propellant systems are seeking alternatives to highly toxic hydrazine, with efforts focused on finding safer replacements. Hydroxylamine nitrate (HAN) as a high-energy ionic liquid is one of them. The purpose of the study is to investigate thermal characteristics of 80 wt.% hydroxylamine nitrate/water by DSC, thermal explosion and ARC tests and to evaluate its thermal hazard. The two decomposition stages for HAN were researched and the apparent activation energies were obtained by Ozawa-Doyle and Kissinger methods. Furthermore, thermal explosion temperature values acquired by DSC and thermal explosion at a constant heating rate were compared. The ARC test revealed the maximum self-heating rate and the time to maximum rate, which were used to classify the thermal hazard risk. Meanwhile, the gas generation of 80 wt.% HAN/water and HAN-based liquid propellant was compared, relating to the explosive hazard. The study is expected to provide valuable insights into the development, preservation, and transportation safety of HAN.
Published Version
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