Abstract
In recent years, the prosperous electric vehicle industry has contributed to the rapid development of lithium-ion batteries. However, the increase in the energy density of lithium-ion batteries has also created more pressing safety concerns. The emergence of a new flame-retardant material with the additive ethoxy (pentafluoro) cyclotriphosphazene can ameliorate the performance of lithium-ion batteries while ensuring their safety. The present study proposes a new polymer composite flame-retardant electrolyte and adopts differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and accelerating rate calorimetry to investigate its thermal effect. The study found that the heating rate is positively correlated with the onset temperature, peak temperature, and endset temperature of the endothermic peak. The flame-retardant modified polymer electrolyte for new lithium-ion batteries has better thermal stability than traditional lithium-ion battery electrolytes. Three non-isothermal methods (Kissinger; Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose; and Flynn–Wall–Ozawa) were also used to calculate the kinetic parameters based on the DSC experimental data. The apparent activation energy results of the three non-isothermal methods were averaged as 54.16 kJ/mol. The research results can provide valuable references for the selection and preparation of flame-retardant additives in lithium-ion batteries.
Highlights
With the rapid development of the electric vehicle industry, more attention has been paid to the endurance of lithium-ion batteries in recent years
The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) calorimetry results of LP30 and LP30 + PFPN are shown in Table 2, and Figures 1 and 2
The reason for the first endothermic peak is the decomposition of LiPF6, which decomposes into LiF solid and PF5 gas in an inert environment [41,42]
Summary
With the rapid development of the electric vehicle industry, more attention has been paid to the endurance of lithium-ion batteries in recent years. High requirements have been established for the energy density of lithium-ion batteries in the electric vehicle market. High-energy-density lithium-ion batteries generate substantial heat when releasing energy, which leads to a high risk of thermal runaway. Scholars have developed solid-state electrolyte lithium-ion batteries that are safer than liquid-state ones. To solve the thermal safety problems of lithium-ion batteries, the design and development of electrolyte flame-retardant additives are critical. Adding electrolyte flame-retardant additives is currently one of the most economical and effective methods to reduce the thermal runaway risk of lithium-ion batteries because of their low cost and high performance [5,6,7]
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