Abstract
A steady, collective translation of domain walls has been detected through direct wall observations in metallic ferromagnets subjected to a constant temperature gradient. A 60-Hz ac external field HE is used to reduce the effect of pinning forces on the walls. Three driving mechanisms, Nernst–Ettinghausen mechanism, end-drive mechanism, and isothermal end-drive mechanism, are proposed. Three pinning mechanisms, bulk pinning, surface pinning, and end pinning are believed to be effective in these materials. The region in the (dT/dx,H0E) plane corresponding to static walls has a triangular shape. We have generalized the theory to include the three pinning wells, and the corresponding theoretical phase diagrams are shown. The saturation of phase boundary is also discussed.
Published Version
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