Abstract
Thirty-six hydrogen-bonded ferroelectric liquid crystal (HBFLC) binaries derived from N-carbamoyl-l-glutamic acid (CGA) and p-n-alkyloxy/alkyl benzoic acids (nBAO/nBA) are synthesized and characterized. Hydrogen bonding in HBFLC is evidenced through Fourier transform infrared spectra. Proposed molecular environment is verified by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) investigation. Optical textures are recorded and the corresponding mesophases are identified by polarizing optical microscopy. From differential scanning calorimetry curves, transition temperatures and enthalpy values are experimentally deduced for 36 binaries, and further order of the transition is also calculated. Phase diagrams of four series, namely CGA + 5BAO and CGA + 5BA, CGA + 6BAO and CGA + 6BA, CGA + 7BAO and CGA + 7BA & CGA + 8BAO and CGA + 8BA, are constructed, and phase variance along with the percentage possession of individual phase is estimated. Optical tilt angle in smectic X* phase exhibited by the binaries is determined and fitted to a power law whose exponent is in good agreement with mean field theory prediction. Specific heat in smectic X* phase pertaining to nine molar proportions of CGA + 5BAO and CGA + 6BAO is discussed with respect to isotropic to smectic X* transition.
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