Abstract
A high-efficiency thermal management system is one of the key points in the practical application of electromagnetic rail launcher (ERL). In this paper, the thermal characteristics in ERL with the section of rectangle, convex, and concave rails by active cooling under different friction coefficient condition are investigated. By two cooling approaches, at two launch rates, with four friction coefficients, peak temperature in convex rails at the same moment is minimum in three types rails. Joule heat dominates in three shapes rail by channel or surface/channel cooling approach, but friction heat is a nonnegligible part under multiple launching mode. The spatial and temporal distribution features of peak temperature of three shapes rail with different friction coefficient under active cooling condition are compared. The mathematical relations between friction coefficient, time and temperature rising caused by friction at pulse end time and shot end moment in ERL with the three types rail are obtained, respectively. In terms of obtaining lower maximal temperature in rail, the ERL with convex rails is the best one.
Highlights
The electromagnetic launching technology has the advantages of high launch efficiency, large launching mass range, high muzzle speed, and good controllability, and is widely believed to be an advanced mode in military and civil areas such as aircraft launch [1], space launch [2]–[5], electromagnetic launcher [6]–[11], and so forth
Tang et al found that thermal stress concentration is an important cause of gouging [15].The steep temperature rise caused by the extremely
The computational domain includes armature, rail, air surrounding the electromagnetic rail launcher (ERL) and water flowing in cooling channel
Summary
The electromagnetic launching technology has the advantages of high launch efficiency, large launching mass range, high muzzle speed, and good controllability, and is widely believed to be an advanced mode in military and civil areas such as aircraft launch [1], space launch [2]–[5], electromagnetic launcher [6]–[11], and so forth. Wan et al compared thermal features in rectangle, convex, and concave rails under active cooling condition without friction [23]. These papers did not consider the effect of friction between armature and the three type rails. There are few literatures about thermal characteristics in ERL with different types rail by active cooling condition with different friction. MODEL OF ERL AND PULSE WAVEFORM Fig. 1(a) ∼ (c) illustrate section of rectangle, convex, and concave rail with square cooling channels, respectively. The computational domain includes armature, rail, air surrounding the ERL and water flowing in cooling channel. The boundary conditions of the heat conduction equation (1) specify that heat transfer with the surrounding air is absent in the simulation process, and are simplified to Neumann conditions at all boundaries of the conductors
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