Abstract
ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to investigate the effect of systemically transplanted mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on the peri-implant epithelial sealing around dental implants.Materials and MethodsMSCs were isolated from bone marrow of donor rats and expanded in culture. After recipient rats received experimental titanium dental implants in the bone sockets after extraction of maxillary right first molars, donor rat MSCs were intravenously transplanted into the recipient rats.ResultsThe injected MSCs were found in the oral mucosa surrounding the dental implants at 24 hours post-transplantation. MSC transplantation accelerated the formation of the peri-implant epithelium (PIE)-mediated mucosa sealing around the implants at an early stage after implantation. Subsequently, enhanced deposition of laminin-332 was found along the PIE-implant interface at 4 weeks after the replacement. We also observed enhanced attachment and proliferation of oral mucous epithelial cells.ConclusionSystemically transplanted MSCs might play a critical role in reinforcing the epithelial sealing around dental implants.
Highlights
Dental implant therapy is one of the most important and effective prosthodontic therapy options for partially and completely edentulous patients
Dental implants based on the concept of ‘‘osseointegration’’, a term explaining the fixation of a titanium implant in the bone [1], have resulted in dramatic therapeutic success and clinical improvement
The minimum criteria to define Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) was proposed by the Mesenchymal and Tissue Stem Cell Committee of the International Society for Cellular Therapy [11] as follows: (1) a capacity for adherence; (2) typical immunophenotypes including positivity for CD105, CD73, and CD90, and negativity for CD45, CD34, CD14, and CD11b; (3) multipotency including cell types of at least three lineages, such as osteoblasts, chondroblasts, and adipocytes
Summary
Dental implant therapy is one of the most important and effective prosthodontic therapy options for partially and completely edentulous patients. Dental implants based on the concept of ‘‘osseointegration’’, a term explaining the fixation of a titanium implant in the bone [1], have resulted in dramatic therapeutic success and clinical improvement. The mucosal structure around the dental implant shows similarities to normal/healthy gingiva with innate defense mechanisms [2,3,4], many researchers have described the biological weakness of the peri-implant epithelium (PIE)-mediated sealing against the oral environment [5,6]. Improvement of the tight PIE-mediated sealing around dental implants is strongly desired to enable clinical success and improve outcomes for oral implant therapy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were first identified as postnatal stem cells in bone marrow by Friedenstein and colleagues [7], and were subsequently found in several human tissues, including adipose tissue, the umbilical cord, and dental pulp [8,9,10]. Many researchers have a great deal of interests in the therapeutic potential of human MSCs to treat a variety of human diseases [13,14]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary 
Published Version (
Free)
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call