Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) has the potential to specifically destroy tumor cells without damaging the tissues infiltrated by the tumor. BNCT is a binary treatment method based on the combination of two agents that have no effect when applied individually: 10B and thermal neutrons. Exclusively, the combination of both produces an effect, whose extent depends on the amount of 10B in the tumor but also on the organs at risk. It is not yet possible to determine the 10B concentration in a specific tissue using non-invasive methods. At present, it is only possible to measure the 10B concentration in blood and to estimate the boron concentration in tissues based on the assumption that there is a fixed uptake of 10B from the blood into tissues. On this imprecise assumption, BNCT can hardly be developed further. A therapeutic approach, combining the boron carrier for therapeutic purposes with an imaging tool, might allow us to determine the 10B concentration in a specific tissue using a non-invasive method. This review provides an overview of the current clinical protocols and preclinical experiments and results on how innovative drug development for boron delivery systems can also incorporate concurrent imaging. The last section focuses on the importance of proteomics for further optimization of BNCT, a highly precise and personalized therapeutic approach.
Highlights
What Is BNCT and Why Is Theranostics Necessary for the FurtherDevelopment of This Modality?Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a targeted therapy whose principle is based on the property of the isotope 10 B to capture thermal neutrons with high probability, decaying into a He and a Li nucleus by the capture reaction10 B(n,α)7 Li
Imaging and on Tomography (CT) imaging are sary for evaluating the effects of the (MRI)
I.e., the estimation of a displacement vector field, is adopted identified by the CT and to recover spatial deformations that can occur between treatment in this context to realign different image acquisitions to the reference coordinate system identified by the CT and to recover spatial deformations that can occur between treatment planning and implementation of the treatment
Summary
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a targeted therapy whose principle is based on the property of the isotope 10 B to capture thermal neutrons with high probability (high effective cross-section: 3835 b), decaying into a He and a Li nucleus by the capture reaction. The idea of BNCT is to enable highly individualized tumor treatment, limiting the therapeutic effect exclusively to the patient-specific tumor spread Developing this principle into a treatment option requires a compound that selectively, but with sufficiently high concentrations, accumulates 10 B in or close to the nucleus of all tumor cells but is not toxic to healthy cells and is not toxic systemically. The recent emergence of accelerator-based facilities for BNCT placed in hospitals makes the modality independent of nuclear research reactors and available for routine makes the modality independent of nuclear research reactors and available for rouclinical use [6] This evolving market makes the development of new boron compounds a tine clinical use [6].
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