Theory of interaction between vibratory tillage tools and soil

Abstract

The study deals with mathematical simulation of the interaction between vibratory tillage tools and soil. Most studies on the use of vibrations in tillage processes give conflicting results about their technological and energy efficiency. The issue of mathematical description of the interaction between vibratory tillage tools and soil is quite complicated and primarily determined by a variety of physical and mechanical properties of the object of tillage. This paper studies purely mechanical effects of vibrations as applied to tillage processes. The research goal is to reveal the patterns that characterize the vibration effects on the soil, and to determine the mechanism of the conversion of the resistance of vibratory tillage tools to a viscous type of friction. The analysis of the resistance of vibratory tillage tools is carried out based on the analysis of the rational equation by academician V.P. Goryachkin. The soil is idealized as a viscous and plastic medium. The case of sinusoidal variations of a tillage tool in addition to its translational motion is investigated. The effect of vibrations on all three resistance components of tillage tool (friction, deformation and inertia) is analyzed. The methods of differential and integral calculus are used. It is shown that all the components of the soil resistance change under the effect of vibrations; the effect may be both positive and negative. Resistance reduction is possible in the case when the amplitude of the vibration velocity of tillage tool exceeds its translational velocity. Respectively, the power consumption of tractor traction mechanism may also be reduced. However, the overall power consumption, including the power consumption of the vibration exciter, is not reduced as compared to the operation of conventional tillage tools. These theoretical results are proved by the experimental studies of A.A. Dubrovskiy. The linearization of the traction resistance of the vibratory tillage tools (its dependence on the translational velocity) is explained in this study based on the general laws of mechanics, without using hypotheses on physical change of soil properties.