Abstract
For the analysis of seismograms recorded on the Earth, ray theory is an exceptional interpretative tool for understanding how waves propagate. Basic ingredients of such a theory with different techniques for Lagrangian and Eulerian approaches are first introduced. Both travel-time and amplitude estimations are described through kinematic and dynamic formulations. Extensions for difficulties related to asymptotic assumptions are then presented. The influence of finite frequency will be addressed before considering single diffraction approaches. Ray theory, a relatively modern concept, is quite well adapted to the investigation of the Earth's interior. Understanding it will help mastering how body waves propagate in the Earth.
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