Theories of international trade in modern tourism business

Abstract

The article research deals with the issues of the world market of tourist services and its place in the world gross product. The author highlights the modern trends in the world market of services and defines the place of international tourism as a priority sphere of economy of many countries, providing the lion’s share of the total national income of countries, becoming a direction of international specialization, promoting comprehensive sustainable economic development, social inclusion, growth of employment and overcoming poverty, efficient use of resources, environmental protection, development of interculturalcommunications, preservation of peace and security as an important component of social interactions of global scale. Research тhe theory of international trade from the perspective of supply and perspective of demand is investigated and systematized. The comparative advantages that determine the directions of foreign trade through the export of surplus resources and import of scarce resources of production are discovered. It is discovered that all considered traditional theories of international trade were based not on the similarity of countries, but in contrary on their differences. It is proved, regardless of the theory ofrelative factor endowments, that not only the differences but also similarities between countries may be a prerequisite for trade. The country similarity theory, which states that having developed new products in response to discovered market needs in the domestic market, the manufacturing company then refers to markets that are the most similar to the markets of its country, is analyzed. It was established that this theory explains international trade mainly from the perspective of demand, not supply. It is generalized that the theories of international trade is the basis for the statistical monitoring of trade and allow toidentify key indicators of its measurement.