Abstract
The stability of vapor nanobubbles in bulk liquid was investigated theoretically and the critical bubble size was derived from macroscale thermodynamic equations, below which the system destabilizes with sharp drop in pressure. This critical size was quantitatively verified in molecular dynamic simulation using the Lennard-Jones model of argon, where stronger attraction between the molecules at lower density is found to contribute most to the drop of system pressure and, as the Laplace pressure on the curved bubble interface fails to balance the pressure difference across the interface, the bubbles become unstable. The theoretical model could be extended to other systems where reliable equations of state and interfacial tension are available.
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