Theoretical principles of enterprise capital management

Abstract

The enterprise's capital is the basis of its activities, the basis for the formation of proper financial and property support of economic activity and the bedrock of financial autonomy, solvency, and stability. An important area of financial management in the enterprise is capital management, which includes essential areas such as selecting and prioritizing capital sources, ensuring consistency of capital cost with profitability, structuring and optimizing the composition and volume of capital. The paper is devoted to studying enterprise capital's economic essence and its management's theoretical foundations as a sufficient component of financial management and financial work in the enterprise. The paper presents the analysis of scientific and methodological approaches to interpreting the essence of the concept of «capital» and «enterprise capital». The paper substantiates that the enterprise's capital is a set of monetary, tangible and intangible assets, mobilized from various sources and involved in operational and investment processes to generate income and maximize the market value. The enterprise's capital as the main source of maximum profit, profitability, and financial stability requires effective management through the application of a system of principles and methods of development and implementation of management decisions related to its optimal formation and ensuring its effective use in various economic activities. The enterprise's capital management mechanism includes a system of regulation of financial activity of the enterprise, a system of external support of financial activity of the enterprise, a system of financial levers, a system of financial methods, and a system of financial instruments. The system of regulation of the enterprise's financial activity, in turn, includes the state regulatory legal regulation, market and internal mechanisms of regulation of financial activity of the enterprise in the part of capital management.