Abstract
High-strength concrete (HSC) walls have been increasingly used in the past decades. However, the time-dependent behavior of HSC wall panels in two-way action was not investigated, and the time effect of creep is not included in the design codes in most countries. For this purpose, the nonlinear long-term behavior of two-way HSC wall is investigated in this paper. A theoretical model is developed using time-stepping analysis considering geometric nonlinearity and creep of concrete. A rheological material model that is based on the generalized Maxwell chain is adopted to model the concrete creep. Von Karman plate theory is used to derive the incremental governing equations. The equations are solved numerically at each time step based on a Fourier series expansion of the deformations and loads and numerical multiple shooting method. It shows that the model can effectively predict the time-dependent behavior of two-way HSC panels, where the out-of-plane deflection and internal bending moments increase with time due to the combined effects of creep and geometric nonlinearity, which may ultimately lead to creep buckling failures. A parametric study shows that the long-term behavior of the panel is very sensitive to the in-plane load level and eccentricity, slenderness ratio, aspect ratio, and edge support conditions.
Highlights
High-strength concrete (HSC) has seen an increasing use in engineering structures in the past decades due to its superior material properties such as high strength and stiffness, enhanced durability, and lightweight in contrast to normalstrength concrete (NSC)
To the authors’ knowledge, no public literature has been reported on the long-term behavior of two-way HSC walls that are subjected to sustained loads. erefore, the main purpose of this paper is to theoretically investigate the time-dependent performance of HSC walls in two-way action under the influence of concrete creep
Erefore, a theoretical model is developed in this paper to investigate the time-dependent behavior of HSC two-way wall panels. e model is based on a time-stepping analysis that incorporates the variation in internal stress with time
Summary
High-strength concrete (HSC) has seen an increasing use in engineering structures in the past decades due to its superior material properties such as high strength and stiffness, enhanced durability, and lightweight in contrast to normalstrength concrete (NSC). E use of HSC may lead to thinner and more slender wall panels in practice, which highlights the need to investigate and revise their buckling capacity and its degradation with time due to the effect of concrete creep. Due to creep of concrete, slender HSC wall panel may undergo increased axial and out-of-plane deformation with time under sustained in-plane and out-ofplane loads. A new theoretical model that utilizes the mechanics of thin plates is developed in this study for the long-term analysis of two-way HSC wall panels. An incremental time-stepping analysis is implemented in order to account for time-dependent variation in internal stresses and increase in deformations of the wall panel with time due to creep. A proper time step is selected for a given load level in the way that the difference between the predicted critical times of creep buckling for the selected time-step and one-half of it is of minor significance
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