Theoretical and experimental studies on anticancer drug mitoxantrone

Abstract

Mitoxantrone (MX) is an important antineoplastic drug used for treatment of different types of cancer with lower side effects. The purpose of this study is to shade more light on the mechanism of interaction between MX and biological molecules. This study would result in drug design and development. Molecular structure was computed at the B3LYP/6-31 + G(d) level. All possible intramolecular hydrogen bonding interactions were considered and calculated at the same level. Five conformers of MX were located and computed to lie in the energy range 0.000–48.495 kcal/mol. Molecular reactivity of MX towards biological systems was explored using condensed molecular descriptors, Fukui functions of electrophilic, nucleophilic and free radical attack. Molecular docking studies for the inhibition of CDK2 and DNA binding were carried out to explore the anticancer potency of MX. The role of charge transfer binding in the interaction of MX with biological molecules was investigated via studying the ability of MX to act as a charge transfer acceptor with known donors using NMR spectroscopy. Charge transfer complex formation was confirmed by proton chemical shift and stability constants were measured from the NMR chemical shift data. Stability constants of MX with donors, phenylene diamine, hexamethyl benzene and pyrene are 4.178, 2.527 and 1.240 M-1 respectively.