Abstract
Thematic Minireview Series on Nuclear Receptors in Biology and Diseases
Highlights
Hormonal signals via the receptor target genes
In the late 1950s, when Elwood Jensen delved into this problem by asking, essentially, “What does tissue do with this hormone?” little did he know that his quest would lead to the establishment of the nuclear receptor field
The late 1950s was the era of intermediary metabolism and enzymology, when steroid hormones were considered likely substrates in the formation of metabolites that functioned as cofactors in an essential metabolic pathway
Summary
Hormonal signals via the receptor target genes. The nuclear receptor family is divided into four groups: (i) Group 1 is composed of steroid hormone receptors that control target gene transcription by binding as homodimers to response element (RE) palindromes; (ii) in Group 2, the nuclear receptors heterodimerize with retinoid X receptor and generally bind to direct repeat REs; (iii) Group 3 consists of those orphan receptors that function as homodimers and bind to direct repeat REs; and (iv) orphan receptors in Group 4 function as monomers and bind to single REs. This paper is available online at www.jbc.org Thematic Minireview Series on Nuclear Receptors in Biology and Diseases*
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