The СYP24A gene expression the placental tissue during pregnancy

Abstract

Aim. To study the nature of CYP24A1 gene expression in the placental tissue in women with different saturation of the body with vitamin D during normal pregnancy and preeclampsia.Materials and methods. Cohort retrospective and prospective study. There were examined 110 pregnant women in Saint Petersburg and Leningrad region, who took multivitamin complex containing 400 IU of vitamin D from 12 weeks of pregnancy. Time of inclusion is from September to June. All pregnant women were taken blood samples with the following determination of the level of 25-hydroxycalciferol, fragments of placental tissue with the following study of mRNA expression of CYP24A1 gene.Results. There were analyzed two groups of pregnant women. During the analysis of the saturation level of the body with vitamin D there were revealed the following things: the frequency of vitamin D deficiency in the main group was 69.6% in the group of comparison vitamin D deficiency was not found. The frequency of vitamin D insufficiency in the main group was 21.5% in the group of comparison – 18.5%. The frequency of the normal level of vitamin D in the main group was 8.9% in the group of comparison – 81.5%. Differences between the main group and the group of comparison are reliable (p < 0,0001). There revealed a statistically significant increase of the relative expression of mRNA of CYP24A1 gene in the placental tissue in women with preeclampsia (31,8 ± 20,6), in comparison with women with physiological pregnancy (11,2 ± 17,9) (p = 0.03)Conclusion. In women with preeclampsia low level of vitamin D in blood serum (less than 30 ng/ml) is 5 times more common, that is why insufficiency and deficiency of vitamin D in pregnant women can be attributed to risk factors for the development of preeclampsia. Expression of mRNA of CYP24A1 gene in placental tissue in patients with preeclampsia is three times higher in comparison with patients with a normal pregnancy. Thus, the increased expression of CYP24A1 gene in the placental tissue can be considered as one of the risk factors for the development of preeclampsia.