Inflammaging and prognostic markers of endometriosis

Abstract

Inflammaging, an age-associated inflammation, is a cellular stress response caused by DNA damage, activation of oncogenes or inactivation of tumor suppressors, oxidative stress, chemotherapy, mitochondrial dysfunction, or epigenetic changes. Damage to macromolecules leads to the cessation of proliferation due to the activation of pathways such as p53/p21CIP1 and p16INK4a/RB. These form the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), the molecular/cellular manifestations of which in endometrial cells have features similar to those observed in endometriosis. Presently, there are no uniform diagnostic criteria or established molecular markers that can predict the development and course of endometriosis. In this regard, it is relevant to develop new minimally invasive examination methods, statistically based criteria and molecular markers for early diagnosis and prognosis of endometriosis. This review article is devoted to identifying molecular markers that characterize the pathogenesis of endometriosis during inflaming. The aim of the study was to consider modern ideas about the mechanisms of inflaming and its role in the development of endometriosis to determine possible molecular markers for predicting the course of the pathology. We used the PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar databases to analyze and systematize the literature over the past ten years. Our review reflects the main molecular mechanisms and prognostic criteria that characterize the development of endometriosis during inflaming.