Abstract
In previous articles dedicated to various German military structures of the Atlantic Wall in West Brittany, the preservation state and the organization of their components have been analyzed. The components have generally been found in a good preservation state without damages due to combats or bombardments. This is not the case of the components of the German coastal artillery battery HKB1274/StP C342 described in this article. The article shows also the organization of the battery, how it integrated pre-existing French military structures and how a massive allied air bombardment affected it.
Highlights
IntroductionThe necessity to defend the sea entrance or Goulet to the port of Brest (France) against enemy intrusions already emerged during the last French Religion War, on Mars 1594, when Spanish troops occupied the peninsula of Roscanvel, on the south side of the Goulet, and erected a fort for cutting sea supplies to Brest under siege
In previous articles dedicated to various German military structures of the Atlantic Wall in West Brittany, the preservation state and the organization of their components have been analyzed
This is not the case of the components of the German coastal artillery battery HKB1274/StP C342 described in this article
Summary
The necessity to defend the sea entrance or Goulet to the port of Brest (France) against enemy intrusions already emerged during the last French Religion War, on Mars 1594, when Spanish troops occupied the peninsula of Roscanvel, on the south side of the Goulet, and erected a fort for cutting sea supplies to Brest under siege. It was necessary for the French, a harsh siege one month long, up to November 1594, to defeat the Spanish garrison barricaded in the fort. The Goulet, near Camaret, was objet of further defensive constructions, consisting on the Petit Gouin pointe: on 1813 an artillery battery, on 1859 a crenelated guardhouse of 2nd type, mod. 1846 (40 soldiers and 8 guns) as part of a 1846 - 1862 protection program of the French coasts and, at the end of 19th century, two artillery batteries, named respectively as “High”, armed with four 95 mm guns, and “Low”, armed with small calibre guns, and on the Grand Gouin pointe a mortar battery located in an unknown position (Glad Patrimoine de Bretagne 2002a; Glad Patrimoine de Bretagne 2006a; Glad Patrimoine de Bretagne 2006b; Truttmann 1975)
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