Abstract
This chapter describes the developmental changes in visual scanning. It discusses the theoretical formulations concerning development that have implications for scanning behavior.. While training programs to improve fixation or scanning in particular situations may prove helpful, the greatest gains may be delayed until programs can be developed that are based on a thorough understanding of the scanning process and its relationships to cognitive and contextual factors. The examination of the available literature investigating the eye movements of the handicapped reveals surprisingly little in the way of systematic research concerned with these subjects' scanning characteristics and the processes underlying them. Thus, work with the retarded must start from basic knowledge of the developmental changes in eye movement processes and related phenomena. Several areas appear to hold more immediate promise for improving the visual functioning of the handicapped through an examination of eye movements and the factors that affect them, and in a smaller manner, the scanning behaviors of the retarded might be significantly changed through the manipulation of stimulus configuration factors.
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