The Value of Magnetic Resonance Enterography Activity Indices in Evaluation of Crohn’s Disease Clinical Activity

Abstract

Abstract Background Crohn’s disease is a chronic inflammatory segmental bowel disorder characterized by attacks of remission and exacerbation that can significantly affect the patients’ quality of life. Hence monitoring the disease activity is crucial to achieve longer symptom free intervals which may result either from active inflammation and its complications as deep ulceration, fistulae formation and abscesses or sequelae from longstanding inflammatory process as fibrotic scarring and strictures. Aim of the Work to compare the performance of the currently available scoring systems Maria, Clermont, CDMI and MEGS to the clinical disease activity index and endoscopic indices Patients and Methods the study was conducted at the Diagnostic Radiology Unit; Radiology Department, Ain Shams University Hospitals. Over a period of 9 months. Convenience sample of proven cases of Crohn’s disease based on clinical suspicion, biomarkers, endoscopy and histopathological specimens who were referred for MRE enterography at our institution. Results We studied the relevance of 18 different single MR parameters and 5 indices in conjunction with clinical and endoscopic based scores. Our aim was to identify if any of the MR parameters can be used solely or in combination with others (indices) as predictors of disease activity. In our study, we identified that the presence of ulcers reflected the clinical rather than the endoscopic severity. Other individual MR parameters couldn’t predict either the clinical or endoscopic severity. The MaRIA score showed significant correlation with the clinical but not endoscopic score. The simplified MaRIA score reflected both the endoscopic and clinical severity scores regarding their absolute values and severity grade. Neither Diffusion- MaRIA/Clermont nor the CDMI scores could predict the degree of clinical and endoscopic disease severity. MEGS score was the most reliable score in determining the endoscopic activity despite being a consuming score with relative subjectivity in comparison to the forementioned scores. Conclusion MR indices provide an adjunct tool for evaluation of disease activity and identifying the severe disease evidenced by MaRIA, simplified MaRIA and MEGS scores. However, the use of a single MR parameter doesn’t provide a true reflection of the ongoing disease process, even the presence of ulcers and haustral loss may be associated with chronic disease.