The validity and reliability of the revised Chinese version of diabetes self-management scales for adult type 1 diabetes patients

Abstract

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the differential expression of circRNAs in human blood, as a diagnostic marker for pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM). Methods Microarray analysis was used to select several differentially expressed circRNAs from three normal patients and three T2DM patients. Enlarge the sample size(normal controls, n=20; subjects with impaired glucose regulation, n=20; and type 2 diabetes mellitus, n=20) to determine a circRNA which the most evident differentially expressed by fluorescence quantitative PCR(Q-PCR). Then they were verified with expanded samples(normal controls, n=50; impaired glucose regulations, n=50; type 2 diabetes mellitus, n=50) by Q-PCR. Results A total of 2 953 differentially expressed circRNAs were found in microarray analysis, of which 1 439 were up-regulated and 1 514 were down-regulated. Nine differentially expressed circRNAs were selected from the 1 439 circRNAs that were up-regulated(hsa-circ-103838, hsa-circ-103965, hsa-circ-104227, hsa-circ-002117, hsa-circ-000094, hsa-circ-101226, hsa-circ-101720, hsa-circ-400029, and hsa-circ-100633). The Q-PCR results of the expanded sample(n=60) showed that the difference expression of hsa-circ-000094(Alias: has-circ-0000247) in the nine circRNAs was the most obvious one among the 3 groups, the area under the maximum curve was found by ROC curve analysis, SIGR=0.802 5[95% confidence interval (0.665 5-0.939 5), P=0.001]; ST2DM=0.77[95% confidence interval (0.624-0.916), P=0.003]. In order to verify the clinical diagnostic ability of hsa-circ-000094, the experiment was conducted to further expand the sample(n=150). The results showed that the expression of hsa-circ-000094 in the three groups was different, the difference and ROC curve analysis were statistically significant, SIGR=0.673 3[95% confidence interval (0.575 7-0.771 0), P<0.01]; ST2DM=0.723 1[95% confidence interval (0.632 7-0.813 4), P<0.01]. Conclusion The higher expression of hsa-circ-000094 in peripheral blood provides a certain diagnostic basis for pre-diabetes as well as type 2 diabetes mellitus. Key words: circRNAs; Type 2 diabetes; Pre-diabetes; Microarray analysis; Biomarkers.