The Use of Thévenin, Norton and Hybrid Equivalent Circuits in The Analysis and Polarization of Nonlinear Analog Circuits

Abstract

The main goal of this paper is to clearly and correctly define circuits that allow the segregation of linear portions of the electronic circuits from nonlinear ones and in this manner the polarization process of the electronic devices becomes more efficient. These circuits will be further on called hybrid equivalent circuits. When a circuit having a small number of nonlinear and linear circuit elements, nonlinear components are being analyzed, the analysis itself, synthesis and its simulation becomes more efficient if nonlinear side of the circuit is segregated from the linear side. This paper proposes a new modeling technique, called $H \sim$ -modeling, introduced for multi-port networks analysis. It will be further on presented and described that $H \sim$ models are more dynamic and able to describe port behavior more accurately, compared to Thevenin or Norton equivalent circuits. A particular type of model $H \sim$ it is as well presented, called model $H \sim$ nullified, or simply model $H \sim$; and many of its modeling properties are investigated, including circuit energy management. It is demonstrated that the H models are not limited to single-port networks, but also cover multiport. A key characteristic of H modeling is the local polarization of transistors and the segregation of nonlinear components from the linear ones for a faster and more efficient polarization of the circuit. This develops opportunities for circuits developers to benefit of H-modeling and bias individual transistors (or in combinations) without having to execute the normal circuit biasing. The segregation of linear from nonlinear portions of the analog circuit is being proposed as a main strategy in order to gain full control of the nonlinear portions or components. This segregation is actually being achieved by introducing a new port model that nullifies the nonlinear ports of circuits. At the end, leading to a new polarizing technique for nonlinear components.