The use of narrow­directed transmitters for propagination of signal betwen non­stationary objects

Abstract

It is extremely important in many technological areas to provide stable wireless secure communication. A significant contribution to the final result is made by the shape of the transmitter antenna, and more precisely, the signal directional pattern of this antenna. For cases where a significant portion of the system requirements remain unknown, generally the best approach will be to follow universality. But, if the requirements for the final result are precisely defined, it is advisable to maximize efforts to achieve this or that final state. In this case, it will be more correct to choose the shape of the antenna depending on the final conditions, having previously weighed all the features of the available design solutions. The article examines and compares two types of antennas - omnidirectional and narrowly directional. Their strengths and weaknesses are described; situations in which they can be applied and get better results compared to analogues at the same transmitter power. selection of optimal parameters is carried out on the basis of predetermined information about the purpose and features of using the antenna on the transmitter. The considered information allows us to draw a conclusion about the advantage of narrowly directional antennas compared to omnidirectional ones in a situation where one of the main indicators is the distance between the transmitter and the receiver. Also, by changing such parameters as the angle width of a narrowly directional antenna, you can reduce the negative impact of the weaknesses of this type of transmitters. For example, a non-stationary object may accidentally leave the range of a stable radio signal from such an antenna, but the widening of the angle allows you to significantly reduce the probability of such a negative scenario.