Abstract
The title of this study is The Use of Modal “Must” and “Have to” in the Corpus of Contemporary American English. It aimed at finding structures and identifying meanings of the modals in the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA). COCA was used as the data source on http://corpus.byu.edu/coca/. Documentation method was applied in collecting the data in this study. The data were identified, classified, and analyzed about structures and meanings of modal “must” and “have to” by the main theory of Quirk. The results show that the structure of modal “must” followed by verb classes is the most frequently used, second is verb phrases, third is adverbs, and fourth is indefinite pronouns and quantifier positions. The structure of modal “have to” that is followed by verb classes is also the most frequently used, furthermore is verb phrases. Meanwhile, the meaning of modal “must” expresses more messages than the meaning of modal “have to”. Modal “must” expresses a condition cannot be changed or unavoidable obligation, the obligation or necessity from inside the speaker, the idea of necessity, the logically necessary, and the wishes or intentions of the person one is speaking to. Modal “have to” expresses the obligation from outside the speaker, the idea of obligation or repetition, and the unavoidable obligation.
Highlights
Background of the studyAn auxiliary verb is a verb that helps another verb for making a complete structural sentence
The problems of this study can be formulated as follows: 1. What are the structures of modal “must” and “have to” in the Corpus of Contemporary American English?
What are the meanings of modal “must” and “have to” in the Corpus of Contemporary American English?
Summary
An auxiliary verb is a verb that helps another verb for making a complete structural sentence. The modal verb cannot stand alone without another verb or we know as a full verb in a sentence. Modal “must” and “have to” have the same grammatical meaning where “must” comes from the internal speakers’ point of view and “have to” comes from the external speaker’ point of view. The reason for choosing corpus texts as the object of analysis is because they usually consist of thousands or millions of words and they are not made up of the linguist’s or native speaker’s invented examples but on authentic or naturally occurring spoken and written language. The reason for choosing corpus texts as the object of analysis is because they usually consist of thousands or millions of words and they are not made up of the linguist’s or native speaker’s invented examples but on authentic or naturally occurring spoken and written language. (Davies, 1990)
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