Abstract
Some plants do not demand a lot of chilling hours, but methods to overcome dormancy promote more vigorous and productive plant. This study aimed to assess hydrogen cyanamide and nitrogen fertilizer with different concentration to growth and production in ‘Roxo de Valinhos’ fig tree. Two crop cycles (2015/2016 and 2016/2017) was performed in São Manuel city, São Paulo State, Brazil. Phenological and productive data was evaluated in a 2 x 5 factorial (Product x Concentration), organized in randomized complete block design, with three trees by plot. The factor products had as level hydrogen cyanamide and nitrogen fertilizer and the factor concentrations was constituted by 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4%. Furthermore, the following data was evaluated: number of days for budbreak, number of buds per plant, harvest period, branch length and diameter, leaf number, leaf area, number of fruits per plant, fruit mass, production and yield. Results indicated that both products anticipated the sprouting and promoted a higher number of buds overcome the dormancy. Plant production was higher in both cycles when the products were used (2.1 and 2.7, respectively). At last, hydrogen cyanamide showed better outcomes due to the higher number of fruits and production.
Highlights
The fig tree (Ficus carica L.) is among the most important grown fruits in the world
Among fig varieties, ‘Roxo de Valinhos’ is the most used in Brazil, besides, it is adapted to severe pruning due to its rusticity, vigour and yield when compared to other varieties (Dalastra et al, 2009)
Severe pruning or winter pruning of the fig tree is a cultural technique commonly performed in Brazilian orchards, which allows the management of plants with reduced size, higher density
Summary
The fig tree (Ficus carica L.) is among the most important grown fruits in the world. In 2016, Brazil was the worlds eighth largest producer of fig, with 26.9 thousand tons. Among fig varieties, ‘Roxo de Valinhos’ is the most used in Brazil, besides, it is adapted to severe pruning due to its rusticity, vigour and yield when compared to other varieties (Dalastra et al, 2009). Severe pruning or winter pruning of the fig tree is a cultural technique commonly performed in Brazilian orchards, which allows the management of plants with reduced size, higher density. This technique aims to renewal of productive branch the fruits are produced in the branches of the current season. The previous crop branches are pruned to 2-3 buds, allowing the growth of new branches, which are conducted in nine average number of branches per plant (Leonel & Sampaio, 2011)
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