Abstract
Forest fires are natural disasters that cause significant environmental, economic, and social damage worldwide. This study provides a literature review examining how Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) methods are utilized in the prevention of forest fires and the identification of high-risk areas. GIS, as a system used for the collection and analysis of spatial data, enables the consideration of various factors influencing fire risk, such as climate change, topography, vegetation, and weather conditions. The spatial analysis capabilities offered by GIS play a critical role in identifying regions with high fire susceptibility when generating fire risk maps. Additionally, MCDM methods contribute significantly to the decision-making process by allowing the evaluation of multiple criteria in fire risk analysis. Logistic Regression and Frequency Ratio, which are frequently employed in the literature, are widely used in fire risk analysis and improve the accuracy of susceptibility maps. Furthermore, MCDM methods have been proven effective in estimating the likelihood of forest fire occurrences and identifying fire-prone areas. The integration of GIS and MCDM methods allows for more precise identification of risk zones and supports the development of fire prevention strategies. This literature review highlights the advantages of utilizing GIS and MCDM in the production of forest fire susceptibility maps and suggests that these methods may have broader applications in future research. The effective use of technology in combating forest fires enhances the accuracy of fire risk assessments, contributing significantly to environmental protection efforts.
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