Abstract
Abstract Chitosan is an amino-polysaccharide, traditionally obtained by the partial deacetylation of chitin from exoskeletons of crustaceans. Properties such as biocompatibility, hemostasis, and the ability to absorb physiological fluids are attributed to this biopolymer. Chitosan’s biological properties are regulated by its origin, polymerization degree, and molecular weight. In addition, it possesses antibacterial and antifungal activities. It also has been used to prepare films, hydrogels, coatings, nanofibers, and absorbent sponges, all utilized for the healing of skin wounds. In in vivo studies with second-degree burns, healing has been achieved in at least 80% of the cases between the ninth and twelfth day of treatment with chitosan coatings. The crucial steps in the treatment of severe burns are the early excision of damaged tissue and adequate coverage to minimize the risk of infection. So far, partial-thickness autografting is considered the gold standard for the treatment of full-thickness burns. However, the limitations of donor sites have led to the development of skin substitutes. Therefore, the need for an appropriate dermal equivalent that functions as a regeneration template for the growth and deposition of new skin tissue has been recognized. This review describes the properties of chitosan that validate its potential in the treatment of skin burns.
Highlights
Chitin is an abundant biopolymer mainly found in marine ecosystems
The main objective of burn treatment is to improve the healing process including proliferation, granulation, epithelialization, and collagenation [20]; from this perspective, the modern concept of wound healing is based on establishing an optimal environment with adequate humidity around the wound, effective circulation of oxygen to favor cell division and tissue regeneration, and a low bacterial density that allows normal movement of epithelial cells, accelerating the rehabilitation phase and wound healing [21]
This study presents a detailed literary review of chitosan as a biopolymer with regenerative capacity in burn injuries, including clinical cases that confirm its therapeutic value
Summary
The increase of the world population has reached the generation of waste in an excessive way. Tissue engineering has been achieved with the production of advanced bandages for the treatment of acute and chronic wounds, which act in a timely and cost-effective manner. Among these materials are hydrogels, hydrocolloids, gauzes, foams, and fibrous dressings such as alginates and occlusive synthetic materials [17]. The main objective of burn treatment is to improve the healing process including proliferation, granulation, epithelialization, and collagenation [20]; from this perspective, the modern concept of wound healing is based on establishing an optimal environment with adequate humidity around the wound, effective circulation of oxygen to favor cell division and tissue regeneration, and a low bacterial density that allows normal movement of epithelial cells, accelerating the rehabilitation phase and wound healing [21]. This study presents a detailed literary review of chitosan as a biopolymer with regenerative capacity in burn injuries, including clinical cases that confirm its therapeutic value
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