Abstract
Abstract
 Aim of the study: This study aimed to evaluate effects of omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on ligation induced gingivitis in rats through the immunological analysis for rat’s gingival tissue level of tumor necrotic factor-α( TNF-α) .
 Materials and methods: The gingivitis was induced for rats by ligation around lower central incisors. Fifty animals with the induced gingivitis were divided into: five animals were sacrificed at the first day after removal of ligature, and fifteen animals as positive control group. Fifteen animals were used as 1st treatment group with orally gavage omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid and fifteen animals as 2nd treatment groups with topically applied omega3 a Five animals were used as negative control groups (-ve) group.
 Animals were sacrificed and tissue sections were evaluated for Tumor necrotic factor –α (TNF-α) levels, this biomarker were measured by ELISA method for four times, first after ligation removal (day zero), three days, one week and two weeks for immunological analysis.
 Results: The result showed that level of TNF-α were significantly lower in systemic treatment groups in comparison with positive control groups in all duration of study, and there were significant difference between topical treatment groups on the 3rd and 7th days and no significant differences on the 14th day after removal of ligature in comparison with (+ve) ,also there was no significant
 difference between these two treatment groups in all duration of study. T-test used for statistical analyses, with p<0.05 regarded as significant and p> 0.001 as high significant.
 Conclusion: orally gavage and topical application of omega-3 FAs is effective treatment for reduction of inflammation in gingivitis, resulting in lower level of TNF-α.
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