The Two Philosophical Thoughts of Pluralism – Hegel and Wittgenstein's Reflections on Pluralism

Abstract

In this paper, there are two philosophical schemes for understanding pluralistic thinking, Hegel's philosophical scheme for reconciling monism and plurality within reason, and Wittgenstein's pluralistic thinking based on decoupling and splitting of certainty and knowledge beyond the bounds of reason. Both paths have their advantages and disadvantages, so a path of prudential reflection could be given. The research method of this paper is based on the discussion of the history of philosophy, the inner logical thinking of philosophy, and the discussions of the philosophies of Hegel and Wittgenstein. It outlines that the conflict between reason and will is the core of understanding the issue of diversity. The research results demonstrate that the conflict between "Reason and Will", and the priority relationship between the two, constitute two paradigms for discussing diversity, and further argue that the conflict between individuals and communities is the practical condition of the diversity issue. Therefore, it advocates a new solution to the problem of diversity. The significance of this study is to achieve harmony between the community and the individual in a diverse world, while ensuring individual freedom. Metaphysics is indispensable to the discussion of Pluralism, without which we cannot provide a solid foundation for the discussion of Pluralism, so this paper attempts to seek some kind of new philosophical path from the comparative study of Wittgenstein's and Hegel's philosophies. Previous studies have neglected the philosophical effects of the conflict between "Reason and Will", which is the starting point of this study.