Abstract

The Brazilian microbiologist, Carlos Chagas, made the discovery of trypanosomes in the gut of reduviid bugs in 1908. He named them Trypanosoma cruzi in honor of his mentor, Oswaldo Cruz, and subsequently established their etiologic role in a new infectious disease to be called Chagas disease. Over more than a century, study of this complex disease has led to widely differing conceptualizations of the pathogenesis and immunopathogenesis that has led to equally differing paradigms for clinical management in terms of the role of antiparasitic drugs and vaccines.

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