Abstract
The thyroid hormone derivative 3-iodothyronamine (T(1)AM), an endogenous biogenic amine, is a potent agonist of the G protein-coupled trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1). T(1)AM is present in rat brain, and TAAR1 is expressed in hypothalamic nuclei associated with the regulation of energy homeostasis. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of T(1)AM on food intake in rodents. We determined the effect of (i) intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of T(1)AM on food intake, oxygen consumption (VO(2)) and locomotor activity in mice; (ii) intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of T(1)AM on food intake in male rats; (iii) c-fos expression following ventricular administration of T(1)AM in male rats; and (iv) direct injection of T(1)AM into the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of male rats on food intake. (i) T(1)AM (4 nmol/kg) significantly increased food intake following i.p. injection in mice but had no effect on VO(2) or locomotor activity. (ii) ICV administration of T(1)AM (1.2 nmol/kg) significantly increased food intake in male rats. (iii) Intraventricular administration of T(1)AM significantly increased c-fos expression in the ARC of male rats. (iv) Direct administration of T(1)AM (0.12, 0.4 and 1.2 nmol/kg) into the ARC of male rats significantly increased food intake. These data suggest that T(1)AM is an orexigenic factor that may act through the ARC to increase food intake in rodents.
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