Abstract
The main interest of thermodynamics of materials is made presently by a global approach of phase diagrams, phase equilibria and phase stabilities [59]. Phase diagram is well known as a description in pressure, temperature and phase quantities (p, T, Niph) of the phase relationships in a system. Phase equilibria describe the phases in a system which are in equilibria in certain p, T ranges through the Gibbs-Duhem equation. Phase stabilities are described by the free energy function of phases in a system at 0 K and in the whole range of temperature, and it is depending on the lattice stabilities [59]. Thermodynamics of materials is nowadays mainly described by the CALPHAD method which is globally explained in four excellent books [3, 59, 60, 61]. In the last years, this method has been widely developed for metallic systems, oxides and semiconductors, for example, gallium arsenide, cadmium telluride and lead telluride [62–65].
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